Comment from Williams, Mikayla

I'm here today to firmly oppose American Deep Sea Minerals' request for an exploration license in international waters. It's clear from scientific findings that deep-sea mining poses a serious threat to the ocean's depths. While we don't yet fully understand the vast impacts, this area is among the least explored on our planet, with new species like glowing sharks and armored snails discovered regularly. Leading marine scientists urge for extensive deep-ocean research before considering any mining approvals, including studies capturing seasonal and annual changes. Comprehensive biological baselines are crucial to grasp what we might lose. The risks extend beyond the seabed. NOAA's research shows mining impacts can reach from the seabed to the surface. Test sites on the Blake Plateau have shown minimal ecological recovery even after fifty years. These effects could endanger fisheries, tourism, and local economies. Industry leaders, such as the Global Tuna Alliance and the Sustainable Seafood Coalition, have already expressed concerns about threats to the $5.5 billion Pacific tuna industry. There is a growing global agreement that these risks are too significant. Forty-two countries, over sixty-five major corporations, more than 35 financial institutions, and around nine hundred forty marine experts advocate for a moratorium or precautionary pause on deep-sea mining due to environmental risks and economic uncertainties. Those most affected have voiced their stance. Nearly every U.S. Pacific state and territory, including California, Washington, Oregon, Hawaiʻi, American Samoa, and Guam, have taken steps to restrict or ban deep-sea mining. Furthermore, this is not just an environmental risk—it's a financial one. No commercial deep-sea mining operations exist globally. The technology is unproven, costs are vast, and taxpayers shouldn't bear the burden of another failed venture. The collapse of Nautilus Minerals, reportedly leaving Papua New Guinea with losses over $100 million, should serve as a warning, not a blueprint. The United States should not lead a race to destruction. We should lead by prioritizing sound science, safeguarding our ocean, and investing in sustainable ways to meet our mineral needs. We strongly urge NOAA to reject this exploration permit application and others like it. Thank you!